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Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 245-254 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0218-6

摘要： This paper presents the analysis of load frequency control (LFC) of a deregulated two-area hydro-thermal power system using fuzzy logic controller, with doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) integrated into both the control areas. The deregulation of power sector has led to the formation of new companies for generation, transmission and distribution of power. The conventional two-area power system is modified to study the effects of the bilateral contracts of companies on the system dynamics. Deregulation creates highly competitive and distributed control environment, and the LFC becomes even more challenging when wind generators are also integrated into the system. The overall inertia of the system reduces, as the wind unit does not provide inertia and isolates from the grid during disturbances. The DFIGs integrated provide inertial support to the system through modified inertial control scheme, and arrests the initial fall in frequency after disturbance. The inertial control responds to frequency deviations, which takes out the kinetic energy of the wind turbine for improving the frequency response of the system. To enhance the participation of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in the frequency control, optimal values of the speed control parameters of the DFIG-based wind turbine have been obtained using integral square error (ISE) technique. The dynamics of the system have been obtained for a small load perturbation, and for contract violation using fuzzy controller.

关键词： frequency regulation     fuzzy controller     de-regulated power system     doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     bilateral contract    

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Evaluation of the contract reliability for alternative infrastructure project delivery: a contract engineering

Bing WANG, Qingbin CUI, Shuibo ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第2期   页码 239-248 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0018-3

摘要： Governments at all levels are increasingly motivating the private sector to participate in infrastructure development using alternative project delivery methods to relieve financial burden. When designing contracts, governments usually offer incentives while requiring cost or time guarantee to balance project attractiveness to the private sector and fair protection of public interest. However, a practical and critical problem is how to properly design these provisions. Although previous studies have investigated the value of these provisions, a knowledge gap still exists with respect to methods of fairly and effectively designing such provisions. This study fills this gap by developing a methodology that analyzes the appropriateness of guarantee or warranty provisions for contracts. In this study, a contract reliability index is constructed, and a process of evaluating contract reliability is proposed. The New Mexico Highway 44 project, in which three warranty provision arrangements are investigated, is used as a case study to illustrate the analysis process. Results show that although a ceiling clause can effectively motivate the private sector to participate in the project, it sacrifices a significant amount of public benefits. By contrast, although a warranty option can protect public benefits, it cannot effectively incentivize the private sector. A combination of the ceiling clause and the warranty option will therefore result in improved contract provision design. The proposed methodology in this study is especially useful for governments in properly determining contract clauses in infrastructure development.

关键词： infrastructure development     contract design     contract reliability     guarantee provision     contract engineering    

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Smart contract applications in the built environment: How prepared are Nigerian construction stakeholders

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0275-z

摘要： Studies have demonstrated that advanced technology, such as smart contract applications, can enhance both pre- and post-contract administration within the built environment sector. Smart contract technology, exemplifying blockchain technologies, has the potential to improve transparency, trust, and the security of data transactions within this sector. However, there is a dearth of academic literature concerning smart contract applications within the construction industries of developing countries, with a specific focus on Nigeria. Consequently, this study seeks to explore the relevance of smart contract technology and address the challenges impeding its adoption, offering strategies to mitigate the obstacles faced by smart contract applications. To investigate the stakeholders, this research conducted 14 virtual interview sessions to achieve data saturation. The interviewees encompassed project management practitioners, senior management personnel from construction companies, experts in construction dispute resolution, professionals in construction software, and representatives from government construction agencies. The data obtained from these interviews underwent thorough analysis employing a thematic approach. The study duly recognizes the significance of smart contract applications within the sector. Among the 12 identified barriers, issues such as identity theft and data leakage, communication and synchronization challenges, high computational expenses, lack of driving impetus, excessive electricity consumption, intricate implementation processes, absence of a universally applicable legal framework, and the lack of a localized legal framework were recurrent impediments affecting the adoption of smart contract applications within the sector. The study also delves into comprehensive measures to mitigate these barriers. In conclusion, this study critically evaluates the relevance of smart contract applications within the built environment, with a specific focus on promoting their usage. It may serve as a pioneering effort, especially within the context of Nigeria.

关键词： built environment industry     digitalization     Nigeria     smart contract     technological revolution    

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Demand response based congestion management in a mix of pool and bilateral electricity market model

Ashwani KUMAR, Charan SEKHAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 164-178 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0187-9

摘要： The independent system operator (ISO) is a key element in the deregulated structure with one of the responsibilities of transmission congestion management (CM). The ISO opts market based solutions to manage congestion receiving bids from generation companies (GENCOs) as well as distribution companies (DISCOMs) to reschedule their generation and relocate demand. The nodal prices increases during the congestion hours and the demand response to nodal prices will be an effective tool for the control of congestion. In this paper, demand response-based CM has been proposed for a mix of pool and bilateral electricity market model. The linear bid curves have been considered for demand bids to respond to the congestion in the network. The bilateral demand has been obtained with minimum deviations in their preferred schedule. The impact of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices viz static var compensator (SVC) and thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) has also been considered for demand management during congestion. Multi-line congestion cases have been considered to study the impact on demand response without and with FACTS devices. The proposed approach has been tested on the IEEE 24 bus test system.

关键词： bid function     congestion management (CM)     demand response     pool+bilateral electricity market     static var compensator (SVC)     thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC)    

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Collaborative adoption of blockchain technology: A supply chain contract perspective

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 121-142 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0239-8

摘要： The outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly affected the development of enterprises. In the post-pandemic era, blockchain technology has become one of the important technologies to help enterprises quickly gain market competitiveness. The heavy investment required of supply chain stakeholders to employ blockchain technology has hindered its adoption and application. To tackle this issue, this study aims to facilitate the adoption of blockchain technology in a supply chain consisting of a core enterprise and a small/medium-sized enterprise through an effective supply chain contract. We analyze the performance of a cost-sharing (CS) contract and a revenue-sharing (RS) contract and propose a new hybrid CS-RS contract for better performance. We conduct comparative analyses of the three contracts and find that the hybrid CS-RS contract can more effectively incentivize both parties to reach the highest level of blockchain technology adoption and achieve supply chain coordination.

关键词： blockchain     collaborative adoption     cost sharing     revenue sharing     hybrid contract    

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The Supply Chain Contract Design under Cap-and-Trade Mechanism with Free Riding

Fu-qiang Wang,Jun Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 277-286 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015049

摘要： This paper studies the influence of free riding on enterprise product pricing and carbon emissions reduction investment, as well as the contract design to achieve supply chain coordination under the carbon trading mechanism. First, we discuss the situation where carbon emissions reduction investment affects the product price and income. It demonstrates that the optimal investment of the upstream manufacturer increases with the degree of the free riding of the downstream manufacturer. The upstream manufacturer can improve their carbon reduction investment and the whole supply chain achieves Pareto improvement when the investment cost sharing contract is introduced. Nevertheless, under the cost-sharing contract the optimal investment of the decentralized supply chain is still lower than that of the centralized supply chain, and only in some particular cases can the two types of supply chain achieve equal total profits. Then, we preliminarily explore the situation where the product price and income is influenced by carbon emissions reduction investment. The consequences indicate that the optimal investment of the upstream manufacturers in this situation is less than the former one’s, and the transfer payment mechanism is able to improve the level of the supply chain overall carbon emissions-reduction. Moreover, compared to the former situation, the effects of free riding of the downstream manufacturer are even more serious. The conclusions can provide some intellectual support for manufacturing enterprises to make reasonable emissions reduction strategies and coordinate the supply chain existing in free riding.

关键词： carbon emissions reduction     free riding     supply chain contract design     cap-and-trade    

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Blockchain-based smart contract for smart payment in construction: A focus on the payment freezing and

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 177-195 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0184-y

摘要： Late payment, and indeed no payment, is a rampant and chronic problem that has plagued the global construction industry for too long. Recent development in blockchain technology, particularly its smart contract, seems to provide a new opportunity to improve this old problem. However, this opportunity is largely unexploited. This study aims to develop a blockchain-based smart contract (BBSC) system for smart payment in the construction industry by focusing on the fundamental cycle of payment freezing (sometimes also synonymously called payment guarantees) and disbursement application. Firstly, a BBSC framework, containing three processes of (a) initiation and configuration, (b) payment freezing, and (c) disbursement application, is developed. Next, based on the framework, the system architecture of the BBSC system, containing three layers of (1) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), (2) Blockchain as a Service (BaaS), and (3) Software as a Service (SaaS) is proposed and elaborated. Finally, based on the system architecture, a BBSC prototype system is developed using a real-life modular construction project as a case study. It was found that the prototype system can improve the certainty and efficiency of the progress payment, thereby enabling smart payment in construction transactions. Without advocating radical changes (e.g., the contractual relationships or the intermediate role of banks in modern construction projects), the prototype can be developed into a real-life BBSC system that can work compatibly with current advancements in the field. Future works are recommended to fine-tune the findings and translate and implement them in real-life applications.

关键词： blockchain     construction project     smart contract     smart payment     payment dispute    

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合同管理是项目管理的核心——小浪底水利枢纽国际合同管理的经验与体会

张基尧

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第4期   页码 54-67

摘要：

小浪底水利枢纽是治理黄河的重要控制性工程，它以地质复杂、布置困难、技术要求高、管理难度大而得到我国水利水电行业的普遍关注，尤其是由于其全方位实施国际招标，成为我国水利工程第一个全面与国际接轨的项目。小浪底水利枢纽至今已建成并成功运行10年，发挥了巨大的社会、经济和生态效益。小浪底工程建设中三大国际承包联营体隶属的40多个国家和地区的承包商、分包商，与项目业主之间围绕合同管理，呈现出多方利益主体之间的博弈。小浪底建管局依靠各方支持，在团结全体建设者优质高效地建成小浪底工程的同时，妥善处理纷繁复杂的各种合同纠

关键词： 项目管理     合同管理     小浪底水利枢纽    

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Numerical investigation on the dryout point of annular flow in the upward narrow annuli with bilateral

SU Guanghui, QIU Suizheng, DUAN Feng, XIAO Zejun, HUANG Yanping

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 264-272 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0037-3

摘要： Based on the fundamental conservation principles—the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equtions of liquid films and the momentum conservation equation of vapor core, a theoretical three-fluid model has been developed to predict the dryout point of upward annular flow in vertical narrow annuli with bilateral heating. The range of the parameters are: pressure from 0.5 to 5.0 MPa; mass flow rate from 30 to 150 kg/(m · s); gap size from 1.2 to 2.0 mm. Through numerically solving the model, the relationships among the parameters of the critical quality (), critical heat flux (), mass flow rate, system pressure, and the ratio of heat flux on the inner wall of the outer tube to that on the outer wall of the inner tube (/) are obtained and analyzed. The predicted results accurately match with the experimental data. For a fixed , will increase with the decreases in the gap size and the tube curvature when the dryout point occurs on the outer wall of the inner tube. However, for a fixed , when the dryout point occurs on the inner wall of the outer tube, the parametric trend is reverse. When the dryout point on the inner and outer walls occurs simultaneously, reaches a peak value, and the ratio of / at this position changes with the gap size and the tube curvature.
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现代工程项目三方合同系统研究

林基础,成虎

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第11期   页码 93-96

摘要：

对三方合同进行了系统的分析和研究，提出三方合同的概念、常见类型及其特征以及日后在三方合同研究工作中需要解决的问题。

关键词： 现代工程项目     三方合同     常见类型     合同特征     系统研究    

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Prevention of laryngeal webs through endoscopic keel placement for bilateral vocal cord lesions

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 301-306 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0549-0

摘要：

Transoral microresection for treatment of vocal cord lesions involving the anterior commissure may result in anterior glottic webs. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 54 patients who underwent microsurgery for bilateral lesions involving the anterior commissure and categorized them into two groups. The keel placement and control groups received endoscopic keel placement and mitomycin C, respectively. During the follow-up of at least 1 year, the laryngeal web formation rate significantly decreased in the keel placement group compared with that in the control group (18.6% versus 54.5%, <0.05). Furthermore, the voice handicap index-10 scores for patients without web formation decreased in both the keel placement and control groups ( <0.0001 and <0.001, respectively). A pseudomembrane covering the vocal cords was detected in 16.3% (7 of 43) cases after keel removal. A total of 100% (7 of 7) of these cases and 2.8% (1 of 36) of the other cases formed laryngeal webs ( <0.0001). Endoscopic keel placement could be an effective method for preventing anterior glottic webs after surgery for bilateral vocal cord diseases involving the anterior commissure. The pseudomembrane observed at the time of keel removal may imply a high risk of web formation.

关键词： glottic stenosis     glottic web     laryngeal keel     silastic sheets     anterior commissure    

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伙伴合作模式工程合同的进化——新工程合同

刘正光

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第12期   页码 81-84

摘要：

随着社会的发展,工程行业变得十分复杂,因而传统的施工合同已经不能满足工程界日益多元化的发展。因此,英国土木工程师学会和业界经过广泛研究和讨论,一致同意要改善业界互相监视和不信任的现状,因而在1993年,推出新工程合同(NEC), 鼓励成立“团体精神”,即建立良好伙伴关系。经过近20年的应用,NEC成效卓越。香港特区政府也在2009年跟进,试验性地引用NEC。文章介绍了第一个引用NEC项目的经验,该项目成果证明NEC可节省工期和工程费用,减少合同争端,增加成本效益，因而大大增强了业界引用NEC的信心。

关键词： 传统工程合同     新工程合同     新工程合同经验    

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Crack propagation with different radius local random damage based on peridynamic theory

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1238-1248 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0695-y

摘要： Drawing from the advantages of Classical Mechanics, the peridynamic theory can clarify the crack propagation mechanism by an integral solution without initially setting the factitious crack and crack path. This study implements the peridynamic theory by subjecting bilateral notch cracked specimens to the conditions of no local damage, small radius local damage, and large radius local damage. Moreover, to study the effects of local stochastic damage with different radii on the crack propagation path and Y-direction displacement, a comparison and contact methodology was adopted, in which the crack propagation paths under uniaxial tension and displacement in the Y-direction were compared and analyzed. This method can be applied to steel structures under similar local random damage conditions.

关键词： peridynamics     stochastic damage     bilateral notch crack    

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Digitalization for supply chain resilience and robustness: The roles of collaboration and formal contracts

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 5-19 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0229-x

摘要： Black swan events such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak cause substantial supply chain disruption risks to modern companies. In today’s turbulent and complex business environment, supply chain resilience and robustness as two critical capabilities for firms to cope with disruptions have won substantial attention from both the academia and industry. Accordingly, this study intends to explore how digitalization helps build supply chain resilience and robustness. Adopting organizational information processing theory, it proposes the mediating effect of supply chain collaboration and the moderating effect of formal contracts. Using survey data of Chinese manufacturing firms, the study applied structural equation modelling to test the research model. Results show that digitalization has a direct effect on supply chain resilience, and supply chain collaboration can directly facilitate both resilience and robustness. Our study also indicates a complementary mediating effect of supply chain collaboration on the relationship between digitalization and supply chain resilience and an indirect-only mediation effect on the relationship between digitalization and supply chain robustness. Findings reveal the differential roles of digitalization as a technical factor and supply chain collaboration as an organizational factor in managing supply chain disruptions. Paradoxically, formal contracts enhance the relationship between digitalization and supply chain resilience but weaken the relationship between supply chain collaboration and supply chain resilience. The validation of moderating effects determines the boundary conditions of digitalization and supply chain collaboration and provides insights into governing supply chain partners’ behavior. Overall, this study enhances the understanding on how to build a resilient and robust supply chain.

关键词： digitalization     supply chain     resilience     robustness     collaboration     formal contract    

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圣哥达山底隧道的风险、合同管理和融资

Davide Fabbri

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第3期   页码 379-383 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.04.001

关键词： 工程成就    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

Evaluation of the contract reliability for alternative infrastructure project delivery: a contract engineering

Bing WANG, Qingbin CUI, Shuibo ZHANG

期刊论文

Smart contract applications in the built environment: How prepared are Nigerian construction stakeholders

期刊论文

Demand response based congestion management in a mix of pool and bilateral electricity market model

Ashwani KUMAR, Charan SEKHAR

期刊论文

Collaborative adoption of blockchain technology: A supply chain contract perspective

期刊论文

The Supply Chain Contract Design under Cap-and-Trade Mechanism with Free Riding

Fu-qiang Wang,Jun Liu

期刊论文

Blockchain-based smart contract for smart payment in construction: A focus on the payment freezing and

期刊论文

合同管理是项目管理的核心——小浪底水利枢纽国际合同管理的经验与体会

张基尧

期刊论文

Numerical investigation on the dryout point of annular flow in the upward narrow annuli with bilateral

SU Guanghui, QIU Suizheng, DUAN Feng, XIAO Zejun, HUANG Yanping

期刊论文

现代工程项目三方合同系统研究

林基础,成虎

期刊论文

Prevention of laryngeal webs through endoscopic keel placement for bilateral vocal cord lesions

null

期刊论文

伙伴合作模式工程合同的进化——新工程合同

刘正光

期刊论文

Crack propagation with different radius local random damage based on peridynamic theory

期刊论文

Digitalization for supply chain resilience and robustness: The roles of collaboration and formal contracts

期刊论文

圣哥达山底隧道的风险、合同管理和融资

Davide Fabbri

期刊论文